DSpace コレクション: 2013-11
http://hdl.handle.net/10928/414
2013-112024-03-28T12:32:24ZThe Defense Industry at the Beginning of the Twenty-first Century : A European Perspective
http://hdl.handle.net/10928/428
タイトル: The Defense Industry at the Beginning of the Twenty-first Century : A European Perspective
著者: Skulski, Przemyslaw
抄録: The processes of internationalization and globalization are present across all fields of human activity, including arms production. Political and economic changes following the end of the Cold War have led to the increasingly globalized production of armaments and trade in weapons. Yet not all defense firms across all regions are poised to compete well in this environment. The trend towards globalization has been exploited by American arms manufacturers to the greatest possible extent, given that U.S. firms are among the most powerful and best prepared for operation on the global market. American arms manufacturers also make good use of critical support from the U.S. government, which perfectly understands the rules according to which the industry operates. Recently, one can observe a rapid shift towards collective European defense research efforts and an integrated defense market. However, the capabilities of the European defense industry lag far behind those of the United States. It is worth remembering that the distance between Europe and the rest of the world is narrow. Finding a solution to the problem of globalization in the defense industry is of strategic importance for European companies. Without reform, Europe's defense industry will lose its ability to compete – a warning that holds particularly true for East European countries. The situation faced by the Polish defense industry at the beginning of twentyfirst century typifies the experience of other Central European countries. Until the end of the Cold War, the Polish defense industry ranked among the most powerful within the Eastern Block. However, after 1989, the situation changed. Owing to a number of factors (the collapse of the Warsaw Pact market, the advent of the new market economy, the shrinking global market on weapons, the lack of a cogent development strategy), the early 1990s proved extremely difficult for that industry in Poland. This paper thus traces the development of the Polish defense industry in the post-Cold War period, with special emphasis on restructurization process and export possibilities.2013-10-31T15:00:00Zバラク・オバマの「より完全な連邦」演説にみる人種ビジョン : 「ポスト人種社会」論への批判的介入のために
http://hdl.handle.net/10928/429
タイトル: バラク・オバマの「より完全な連邦」演説にみる人種ビジョン : 「ポスト人種社会」論への批判的介入のために
著者: 村田, 勝幸
抄録: This paper aims to work on what has been known as a “postracial society” thesis through a reconsideration of Barack Obama's “A More Perfect Union” speech, which he gave on March 18, 2008. Obama's silence on racial issues has been presumed to be one of his rhetorical characteristics and/or tactics. Therefore, the speech, which he delivered in the midst of the heated presidential race, was nothing but exceptional. What is the specific background on which Obama decided to give the speech? How does the rhetoric and logic of the speech relate to his thoughts and personal history? What are the arguments for or against the speech? These are among lots of questions which interconnect each other. There is no doubt that we always have to be conscious of the difficulty of talking about race without reinforcing racial stereotypes or distorted views which are still widespread in American society rather than destroying them. I am fully aware that this piece's attempt to focus on the relationships between Obama's thoughts and America's racism could paradoxically end up defining him a priori as a “racial being.” The very decision to pick up an issue of racism as the key point, despite there are countless approaches to analyze Obama, could help acknowledge the argument that a black politician should “naturally” be discussed within a racial framework. In other words, we could paradoxically strengthen the very racial stereotypes which at the outset we tried to criticize. In a sense, this paper is a tentative trial to struggle with this racial paradox.2013-10-31T15:00:00Z特集への緒言 : 「統合と分裂の力学から見るアメリカ : 過去・現在・未来」
http://hdl.handle.net/10928/425
タイトル: 特集への緒言 : 「統合と分裂の力学から見るアメリカ : 過去・現在・未来」
著者: 愛甲, 雄一2013-10-31T15:00:00Z『タイガーマム』とアジア系アメリカ人の教育達成研究
http://hdl.handle.net/10928/426
タイトル: 『タイガーマム』とアジア系アメリカ人の教育達成研究
著者: 井口, 博充
抄録: In this paper, I explore Amy Chua's Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother as a biographical account of child rearing by a second generation Asian American. In recent years, education research on Asian Americans has become an important field of inquiry as Asian immigrant children are seemingly very “successful” in terms of education. Chua's book is worth discussing because this work is a very rare attempt by an Asian American parent to write about her own experience of child rearing. I examine Chua's account by situating it in the context of educational research on Asian American educational achievement in the United States. First, I review quantitative and qualitative educational research literature on the educational achievement of Asian Americans in relation to the Asian American model minority thesis, a stereotype that distorts how Asian Americans are seen in the United States. The examination of a number of quantitative research studies, finds no specific cultural determinant that affects Asian American students' high educational expectations. Also, while Asian Americans in general are found to be high achieving, there are differences among Asian subgroups in terms of test scores, grades, and family backgrounds. In addition, four qualitative studies are examined. Overall, they reveal the diversity among Asian American students, and differences in socio-economic backgrounds can make a big difference in educational experience even among the same ethnic group. In the final section, I go back to Chua’s account. After introducing her distinct style of very strict child rearing that she considers the “Chinese” way, I interpret it by using the framework of existing educational research. I offer some criticism from the point of the Asian American model minority thesis and point out a few pit falls.2013-10-31T15:00:00Z