高等教育と逆ジェンダーギャップ : モンゴルの事例から

Abstract

One of the most significant worldwide transformations in education over the past several decades has been the drastic increase in women's access to colleges and universities. However, the narrowing gender gap in education does not necessarily mean that gender inequalities in various spheres of society are narrowing simultaneously. This article presents a country case study of Mongolia concerning “reverse gender gaps” in its higher education enrollments, along with a review analysis of relevant literature. Specifically, it is concerned with the following questions: How has women's higher education enrollment changed over time in the context of higher education system development, transition, and expansion? How men and women distributed across the higher education? Which fields of study are predominantly female and which are predominantly male? If there are patterns of gender disparities, what. are their meanings in relation to women's paid work and the socio-historical contexts of marriage and families? The article suggests that the Mongolian reverse gender gaps in higher education are complex phenomena that require nuanced interpretations.